{"id":18859,"date":"2024-11-27T18:02:31","date_gmt":"2024-11-27T17:02:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/navier-lab.fr\/equipment-and-resources\/nano-indentation\/"},"modified":"2024-12-19T17:35:29","modified_gmt":"2024-12-19T16:35:29","slug":"nano-indentation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/navier-lab.fr\/en\/equipment-and-resources\/nano-indentation\/","title":{"rendered":"La nano-indentation"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Nano-indentation<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Principle<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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Nano-indentation is a mechanical characterization technique that involves pressing a tip with a controlled geometry into a material. By recording the applied force as a function of the indentation depth, mechanical properties at the micrometer scale, such as hardness and Young\u2019s modulus, can be evaluated using the Oliver and Pharr method [1]. The indentation depth ranges from a few hundred nanometers to several micrometers. The upper depth limit is determined by the size of the phase to be analyzed, which must be at least 10 times larger than the indentation imprint. The lower depth limit is constrained by the material’s roughness, which must be at least 20 times smaller than the indentation depth and suitable for the size of the phase to be measured and to that of the phases at the lower scale. [2].<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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Sample preparation<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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To achieve an acceptable roughness level, meticulous sample preparation is crucial. The sample is first cut using a micro-cutting machine and then embedded in epoxy resin. It is subsequently polished with silicon carbide (SiC) abrasive papers of progressively finer grit sizes. Final polishing with diamond powder ensures minimal roughness. The resulting roughness is precisely measured using the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) installed on the same frame as the indentation system.<\/p>\n

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The nano-indenter device<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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The Navier laboratory’s nano-indenter is an NHT\u00b2 model (Anton Paar) with a maximum force of 500 mN, a maximum depth of 200 \u00b5m, and a maximum loading rate of 10 N\/min. It is installed in a climate-controlled chamber (temperature: 10 to 40 \u00b0C, relative humidity: 20 to 95%) and mounted on a vibration-isolated slab with an air compression system.<\/p>\n

The sample can be positioned with micrometric stages (X, Y, Z), allowing movement between the optical microscopy, AFM, and nano-indentation modules. A tilting stage ensures parallel alignment between the sample and the modules. Automated indentation grids can be configured to perform tens or even hundreds of indentations in sequence.<\/p>\n

The system allows control in either force or displacement mode and supports dynamic indentations (sinus mode). This mode enables the characterization of Young\u2019s modulus and hardness as a function of indentation depth, as well as viscoelastic properties such as storage modulus (E’) and loss modulus (E\").<\/p>\n

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Studies conducted at the laboratory<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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\u2013 Modeling of mechanical characterization by indentation<\/strong>: analysis of hardness influenced by geometric changes during indentation using a limit analysis approach [3].<\/p>\n

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\ufeff<\/span>\u2013 <\/span>Recycled aggregate concrete<\/strong>: statistical analysis of local elastic properties of aggregates and cement paste (including ITZ) [4].<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u2013 <\/span>Rock studies and homogenization<\/strong>: coupling of indentation and SEM-EDS analysis for source rocks [5] and carbonates [6].<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u2013 <\/span>Early-age cement<\/strong>: dynamic indentation to study cement setting (ongoing).<\/span><\/p>\n

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R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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[1] W.C Oliver and G.M. Pharr, J. Mater. Res.7, 1564, 1992.<\/span>
[2] ISO 14577-4:2016 Mat\u00e9riaux m\u00e9talliques – Essai de p\u00e9n\u00e9tration instrument\u00e9 pour la d\u00e9termination de la duret\u00e9 et de param\u00e8tres des mat\u00e9riaux – 2016.<\/span>
[3] Dac Loi Nguyen, “Simulation num\u00e9rique d\u2019un essai de nano-indentation sur un mat\u00e9riau de crit\u00e8re de r\u00e9sistance elliptique axisym\u00e9trique\", Th\u00e8se de doctorat,  2015.<\/span>
[4] A. Adessina, “Caract\u00e9risation exp\u00e9rimentale et mod\u00e9lisation multi-\u00e9chelle des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques et de durabilit\u00e9 des b\u00e9tons \u00e0 base de granulats recycl\u00e9s, th\u00e8se de doctorat, 2018.<\/span>
[5] H. Tazi, “Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e9lastiques et anisotropie des roches m\u00e8res : approche exp\u00e9rimentale multi-\u00e9chelle et mod\u00e9lisation par milieu effectif\", Th\u00e8se de doctorat, 2019.<\/span>
[6] Y. Abdallah et al., \u201cLinking elastic properties of various carbonate rocks to their microstructure by coupling nanoindentation and SEM-EDS\u201d, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 170, 105456, 2023. <\/span><\/div>\n

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Contacts<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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Julien Archez<\/a>, <\/span>Denis Garnier<\/a>, Camille Chateau<\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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